Five Signs You Have A Cavity (And What You Need To Do)

Cavities, or dental caries, are one of the most common health problems faced around the world, second only to the common cold. If not treated, cavities can cause infection, toothache and ultimately total tooth loss.  Wondering if you have one?  Here are five symptoms to watch out for:

1. Bad Breath
If tooth decay is ignored, bacteria will proliferate, causing bad breath.  If you are brushing and flossing regularly, yet still notice you have bad breath, you need a check up.

2. Bad Taste in your Mouth
If you notice a chronic bad taste in your mouth, get your teeth checked out as it may be a sign that a cavity needs to be cleaned and filled.

3. Tooth Sensitivity or Pain
A sensitive or painful tooth, even if it's only when exposed to hot or cold, can mean a cavity. Sensitivity and pain are usually evidence the cavity has progressed.  

4. Dark or White Spots
When cavities have progressed, they can become visible to the eye, appearing as a dark or white spot on the infected tooth.

5. Holes in Your Teeth
Sometimes you can see a hole on top of the tooth or feel it with your tongue.  This is not a good sign and you need to schedule an appointment right away for treatment.

6. Pus, Swelling or Extreme Pain
These symptoms may indicate an abscessed tooth. The pus is caused by a bacterial infection inside the tooth from untreated tooth decay. It can cause fever, pain and swollen glands and requires immediate medical attention as it will spread throughout your jaw.

The best time to catch a cavity is in the early stages, when there are few, if any, symptoms.  That's why a twice-yearly dental cleaning and exam is important. Unlike the common cold, your cavity will not get better on its own – it will only worsen, becoming more painful, time consuming and expensive to treat, and more likely to impact the integrity of your tooth. 

Good oral hygiene, which includes brushing twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste,  flossing once a day, and having regular dental cleaning and check ups, will keep you cavity free.   Is it time for your dental appointment? Call us at 919.755.3450 or schedule online.

Are Your Gums Receding? Learn More About Causes and Treatments

At the risk of being obvious, our gums, also known as the gingivae, are the moist pink tissue in the mouth that meets the base of the teeth. We all have two gums - one for the upper, and one for the lower set of teeth. The gums tightly surround the teeth and are firmly attached to the jaw bone. They cover and protect the delicate roots of the teeth.

But sometimes things go wrong and your gums start to receded. Think of a houseplant. If you were to take soil away from its roots, what would happen? Sooner or later, the roots would be exposed to air. They could no longer get the water and nutrients they need. Eventually, the plant would become weak, its roots would fall apart, and the plant would die.

Gum recession works much the same way. It’s a process where the gum tissue start to pull away from the teeth, exposing the fragile, sensitive tooth roots. Eventually, gums can shrink so much that the roots are almost completely exposed. This robs them of nutrients and leaves them open to attack by bacteria, as well as makes them very sensitive.  If left untreated, gum recession can become so severe that it is irreversible and can lead to tooth loss.

You Can See and Feel Gum Recession

The first sign of gum recession is often tooth sensitivity or sore gums. Also, if you run a finger over your gums you can often feel a notch where your gumline used to be. Another sign of receding gums is that your teeth appear longer or the spaces in between them appear bigger at the base.  Compare your gums to the pictures below.  The picture on the left shows healthy gums, and the picture on the right shows gums that are receding, with inflammation and spaces noticeable between the teeth.  Whether you feel or see the onset of gum recession, it’s time to call your dental office and schedule an appointment. 

What Causes Gum Recession?

• Poor oral health. Periodontal, or gum, disease is the most common cause of gum recession. Periodontal disease is caused by bacteria-laden plaque at the gum line. The bacteria produce acids that damage your gums resulting in the loss of this supporting tissue around the teeth. 
• Brushing or flossing too hard. Yes, brushing too hard is possible. Always use a toothbrush that is labeled “soft.” Be gentle on your teeth, and remember that taking care of them isn’t supposed to hurt. 
• Genetics. Like the rest of your body, your gums’ characteristics are influenced by your genetics. 
• Dental work. Yep - sometimes dentists don't get it right on the first try. You may have an improperly fitting crown or bridge that is impacting your gums and causing recession. 
• Abnormal tooth positioning. If your teeth are not in alignment with one another, gum recession is more likely.
• Grinding your teeth. Teeth grinding can cause a number of dental problems including gum issues. 
• Trauma to gums. Your gum tissue may recede due to a traumatic injury - this can include a lip or tongue piercing that impacts your gums. 

Healthy Gums Are A Team Effort

As always, prevention is the best strategy.  The simple steps you learned in childhood -  brushing twice a day, daily flossing, and having twice yearly dental cleaning and exams - will keep your gums healthy and prevent gum recession.  If recession has already started, you and your dentist need to identify and eliminate the cause.  In some cases this may be as easy as switching to a soft bristle toothbrush, correcting an improperly fitted bridge or improving your oral hygiene.  In other cases, for example, recession due to periodontal disease or trauma, your dentist may discuss some treatment options such as:

• Desensitizing treatments: Your dentist may use varnishes or other dental products to reduce any sensitivity that may have developed in the exposed tooth root. Treating the sensitivity helps patients continue their oral hygiene routine.
• Composite restoration: In some cases, your dentist may use tooth-colored composite resins to cover the root surface. 
• Orthodontics: If the recession is due to misaligned teeth, orthodontic treatment which re-positions the teeth can correct the problem.
• Deep cleaning. Your dentist or dental hygienist will use special tools to remove the plaque and tartar buildup on the roots where the gums are receding, a procedure known as root planing.
• Gum grafting. This involves taking the patient’s own healthy gum tissue from the roof of the mouth or using a gum grafting material to replace the missing gum tissue. Your dentist may recommend you see a periodontist.

Contact us with any concerns you may have, such as tooth sensitivity, or a change in the appearance of your gums - we want to see you sooner rather than later.  We can be reached at (919) 755-3450 or schedule online.

As always, thank you for reading our blog - feel free to comment or share it with friends or family members who may be concerned about receding gums.  

Why Middle Aged Adults Avoid the Dentist: Cost and Fear Are Big Factors

Are you embarrassed by the condition of your teeth? Do you have dental problems that are causing pain, difficulty eating, or missed work? Have you been skipping your regular preventive dental cleanings?

If you answered "yes" to any of these questions you're not alone. The dental health of middle-aged Americans faces a lot of problems right now according to new results from the University of Michigan National Poll on Healthy Aging.

Here are some of the surprising statistics:

• Thirty percent of Americans between the ages of 50 and 64 say they're embarrassed by the condition of their teeth.
• A slightly larger percentage say dental problems have caused pain, difficulty with eating, missed work or other health problems in the past two years.
• Forty percent of Americans don't get regular cleanings or other preventive care that can help them avoid dental problems.

Why don't people get needed dental care? Cost was the most commonly reported answer, given by 69 percent who said they did not get, or delayed, needed care. One in five cited fear of the dentist as a major factor for not receiving care.

Insurance coverage has a lot to do with this lack of care. Nearly one-third of those surveyed did not have dental insurance and one-half did not know how they will get dental insurance coverage after they turn 65.

Creating Opportunities To Help Our Patients

"Oral health is a critical factor in overall wellness - for example, people with periodontal disease are at greater risk for Alzheimer's Disease, stroke, certain cancers, and rheumatoid arthritis" states Dr. Jeff Morrison, of Jeff M.Morrison & Assoc., DDS. This research helps us identify some key issues -- such as lack of insurance coverage and dental fear -- which may be keeping patients from the receiving the care they need. It also allows us to create opportunities to encourage these patients to come in."

"For example, because regular preventive dental care and early treatment for problems can be out of reach for those without dental insurance, we created the St. Mary's Street Dental Savings Plan. This in-office plan covers the cost for annual preventive care and offers a significant savings off all other treatment throughout the year. We also offer a variety of payment options, including Care Credit dental financing." says Dr. Morrison.

"We also understand that fear keeps many people from the dentist, and our entire staff works hard to address the anxiety and concerns among patients of all ages."

Are you delaying needed preventive care or treatment - for any reason? Give us a call at (919) 755-3450 and let our friendly staff help you find a solution. You can also go online and schedule.

Story Source:  Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan. "Tooth trouble: Many middle-aged adults report dental pain, embarrassment and poor prevention: More than 1 in 4 lack dental insurance now, and half don't know how they'll get it after age 65, U-M/AARP National Poll on Healthy Aging finds." 

Halloween Candy Isn’t So Scary: Our Candy Buy Back Program and More

Ok, admit it – when the kids bring home those plastic pumpkins overflowing with treats, you’re just as excited as they are to dig in. But then, after the initial burst of excitement, you’ve got PILES of the stuff left. What do you do with it all when you’re trying to maintain a healthy diet (not to mention healthy teeth) for your family?

We've got an idea - DONATE IT to our Military Troops.  This year Jeff M. Morrison & Associates DDS is participating in the Operation Gratitude Candy Buy Back Program.  Between November 2 and 7, bring your children, along with their candy, to our office at 615 St. Mary's Street. Their candy will be weighed and kids will receive $1.00 for every pound they donate.  

Tips For Managing All That Sugar

While we definitely want you to participate our Operation Gratitude Candy Buy Back, we agree with this Psychology Today blogger that the yearly candy bonanza is a great opportunity to teach kids how to enjoy tasty treats in moderation. Here are a few of our favorite tips from the Boston Mamas blog on “How to Handle the Halloween Candy Craze.”

1. Real food first. Make it a rule: eat a nutritious dinner (ideally including fruits and veggies) before candy happens.
2. Teach moderation. Remind kids to monitor how their tummy feels while they’re eating; if they’ve had a past experience of overindulgence making them sick, it’s a good idea to remind them of how yucky that felt, so they’ll practice noticing how they feel when they eat.
3. Set firm limits, and be consistent. Decide how much the kids are allowed to have and when – say, 1-2 pieces after a meal – and never bend to whining! Kids are smart, and if they realize that whining works, they’ll do it every time.
4. Make candy-eating contingent on immediate tooth-brushing. Not only is this the best practice to prevent cavities, but it’s also a good way to make eating candy a little annoying.  It’s amazing how the nuisance of teeth brushing (not at the typical teeth brushing times) will kill the desire for eating that mini Snickers. But even if it doesn’t, it’s always a good thing to follow candy consumption with teeth brushing.  
5. Limit the drama. Kids feed off our emotions. The bigger a deal you make of it, the more they will want it. Just be matter of fact about your decisions and limit the drama.
6. Teach about consequences. If candy consumption really becomes a difficult issue, teach your kids about consequences.  Toss it!  Or, give it away via a local buy back or donation to the troops. Trust me, they will remember next year.
7. Change the giving rules in your home. If you want to model less candy, try passing out Halloween candy alternatives. It will show them that there can be other ways to celebrate.

There are tons of other great resources on the internet loaded with tips on how to control and limit candy consumption. One of my personal favorites is this roundup on Babble of cool science experiments you can try with Halloween candy.  Is it more fun to eat Pop Rocks, or to use them to blow up a balloon? My kids went with the balloon (who really likes the taste of Pop Rocks, anyway?)  Another great idea - re-purposing the Halloween candy by using for a holiday advent calendar.

There are also great treats to hand out instead of candy - such as glow-necklaces (helps cars see little trick or treaters!), stickers, temporary tattoos, and plastic fangs - all irresistible to small children. I also endorse the approach of one clever mama who offered both candy AND toys, so trick-or-treaters could choose; she found that loads of kids went with the toys instead!  Check out your local Dollar Store for little items that may be good substitutes for candy.

Let us know your ideas for handling the Halloween candy craze.  Is it time for your next cleaning and exam?  Give our office a call at (919) 755-3450.   We look forward to seeing you!  

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Sedation Dentistry: What You Need to Know

If you shudder at the thought of a dental visit, or avoid it altogether, you're not alone. Dental anxiety is very real and it's estimated that up to 20% of people avoid seeing the dentist because of anxiety and fear. At Jeff M. Morrison & Associates DDS, we want you to take excellent care of your oral health - which means coming in for regular cleaning and exams, and having dental problems addressed at the earliest possible stage. That's why we offer sedation dentistry to those who need extra help feeling calm and relaxed during a dental procedure.

We will administer a controlled amount of sedative medicine before or during your dental procedure, helping to reduce your anxiety and create a calm treatment experience.  Whether you are getting your wisdom teeth removed, a cavity filled, or simply a routine cleaning and exam, we will work with you to assure that you are comfortable, calm and relaxed.

Sedation dentistry is divided into different categories. Minimal sedation, which decreases anxiety while maintaining full consciousness, can be achieved through mild anti-anxiety medication or nitrous oxide. Moderate, or conscious, sedation is commonly achieved through a combination of sedative pills and an intravenous sedative. It creates a sleeplike state in which the patient's response to touch and sound is strong. Intravenous sedation allows you to sleep deeply in an unconscious state where you will not be awakened until the effects wear off or medication is used to reverse it.

At Jeff M. Morrison & Associates, DDS, our patients’ comfort is our priority. We offer two types of minimal dental sedation to help you feel completely relaxed before, during, and after your visit to our office:

• Inhalation Sedation (or Laughing Gas) is a combination of nitrous oxide and oxygen that you breathe in through a mask placed over your nose to help you relax. The amount you receive is controlled by Dr. Morrison. This form of sedation wears off quickly.

• Oral Conscious Sedation is in the form of a prescribed pill that is taken about an hour before your dental procedure. With this form of sedation, you remain conscious and completely aware of your surroundings in a very calm and relaxed state. A variety of medications are available for this type of sedation, and Dr. Morrison will carefully discuss your particular needs to determine which choice would work best for you. However, all are classified as anti-anxiety medications and achieve the same result: reducing and even eliminating the anxiety of dental treatment.

Inhalation sedation and oral conscious sedation can safely be used together for an even deeper feeling of relaxation.

Is Sedation Dentistry Right For You?

Here are a few things to discuss with Dr. Morrison when considering sedation dentistry: 

• Is the procedure lengthy or complex? Sedation dentistry may allow us to complete your treatment in fewer appointments and to finish complex procedures in less time.

• Do you have a psychological or physiological reason (such as a highly sensitive gag reflex) that makes dental procedures difficult? Sedation dentistry may successfully address these reasons by allowing you to relax deeply through the procedure. 

• Do you have any serious health conditions, or are you pregnant? Using sedatives during a dental procedure may not be a good idea for people who are pregnant, or who have certain cardiac or respirator conditions. 

While your dental treatment is performed, your vital signs will be carefully monitored to ensure that your experience is as safe as possible. If you've only received nitrous oxide, the effects will wear off almost immediately and you will be able to drive home, or return to work or school. The effects of oral sedation last longer than with nitrous oxide alone, so you'll need someone to drive you home after your procedure. Unexpected reactions to inhalation or oral sedation are exceedingly rare, but as with any medical procedure, Dr. Morrison will review your health history, discuss the risks and benefits, and carefully monitor you throughout the procedure for any changes in blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen levels.

"It’s normal to experience some apprehension about going to the dentist, especially if you've had a negative experience at the dentist as a child, or if you’re heading into an extensive procedure" says Dr. Morrison. "Before I offer the option of sedation - I try to find out the source of the patients' anxiety and their level of anxiety, and then we talk about ways to manage it," he said. "I can oftentimes get an anxious patient comfortably through a procedure just by talking with them, distracting them, taking breaks, and explaining what we are doing at each stage of treatment." 

"However, some patients simply won't get the care they need unless they have some kind of sedation and in these cases the risks of not receiving dental care is greater," said Dr. Morrison. "For these patients, using sedation dentistry to help them face their fears and get the treatment they need is essential."

At Jeff M. Morrison & Associates, we do what we can so all patients feel completely comfortable in our office— no matter how big or how small their treatment may be. Is it time for your cleaning and exam? Give our office a call at 919.755.3450 or schedule online. We look forward to seeing you.

PROPER BRUSHING FAQs

Mouth open or mouth closed? After lunch or after dinner? Flat or at an angle? We've been brushing our teeth just about every day (hopefully) since our teeth came in.  Who knew it was so complicated?   

Fact is, there are actually some best practices to be mindful of when brushing those pearly whites. In our world of alternate facts, fake news, and lists of “7 Ways to Keep Your Teeth Clean Without Picking Up a Toothbrush” it's easy to be confused about the correct way to brush.  

Don't worry - we’ve got you covered with this handy FAQ (frequently asked questions) guide. We’ll keep it simple with some easy dos and don’ts of brushing. Let’s get to it! 

Don’t: Keep your brush flat 
Do: Use a 45-degree angle when brushing 

Don’t: Use looooooooong strokes. No need to cover your whole mouth in one stroke! 
Do: Use short, side to side strokes 

Don’t: Brush with the force of a giant
Do: Gently cover all areas. A gentle touch helps prevent wear and tear on your enamel 

Don’t: Go one and done 
Do: Brush at least twice a day, especially after eating or drinking something acidic (like citrus or soda) 

Don’t: Be sentimental and use the same toothbrush for life 
Do: Change your toothbrush every 3-4 months. A trick to remember: switch out on the first day of each season 

Don’t: Be average – the average person brushes their teeth for 45 seconds 
Do: Brush for a full 2 minutes. A helpful trick: say the alphabet while brushing a certain section, move to the next section after you hit Z 

Don’t: Keep your toothbrush in a closed container 
Do: All your toothbrush to air dry 

Don’t: Store your toothbrush on the sink counter where bathroom particles can get on it 
Do: Store your toothbrush in the medicine cabinet 

Don’t: Use a tough-bristled brush 
Do: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush, which is much better for your tooth enamel 

And there we have it! Some easy practices to keep that perfect smile. Remember: Brushing is only 4 minutes out of the day, so why not make it great?  If you have questions about brushing, ask our friendly Dental Hygienists at your next check up.  Need to schedule?  Give us a call at 919.755.3450 or schedule online at www.jeffmorrisondds.com.

Seven Steps to Take This Fall for Better Dental Health

1. Clean Out that Mouth! If you’re a homeowner, you’re probably thinking about cleaning out your gutters this time of year. The same goes for your teeth – particularly if it's been awhile since your last cleaning. So, pull out your calendar and give us a call or go online to schedule an appointment.  
2. Replace Your Toothbrush: Homeowners and renters are familiar with the drill of replacing heating and air conditioning filters, or batteries in your smoke detector, with the change of seasons. This is also a great time to switch out your toothbrush. Here are a few tips on choosing the right toothbrush to make sure you pick the right one.
3. Pick up a Pack of Xylitol Gum: This is one little secret that’s starting to catch on. Use a sugar-free gum that contains Xylitol – a natural sweetener derived from plants. It doesn't break down like sugar and can help keep a neutral pH level in the mouth. Both of which can help you avoid cavities.
4. Eliminate a Habit: Whether it’s smoking, acidic beverages, or chewing tobacco, try eliminating a habit that does harm to your teeth. Doing so now is a good idea because outside the holidays, there are fewer demands on your willpower reserves, making a successful effort that much more likely.
5. Pick up a GOOD Habit: There are a lot of great dental habits you can pick up that benefit your teeth year-round, like wearing a night guard if you grind your teeth at night, going with better food choices, or wearing a mouthguard if you play sports. 
6. Buy Yourself - or Someone You Love - an Early Holiday Gift: Why wait until the holidays to spoil yourself or a loved one? Start now by picking up a dental care tool to make your (or their) teeth look great, gums feel great, and breath smell great! There are a lot of options that are easy on your budget, including teeth whitening, electric tooth brushes, interproximal brushes, dental irrigators, and even tongue scrapers!   Do you know someone in need of dental care?  Buy them a year of preventive dental care with the St. Marys Dental Savings Plan.  
7. Check in on Your Insurance Benefits: Don't let your dental benefits go unused. In most cases any unused portion is lost when your new insurance year starts, even though you have already paid for them! And, don’t forget, many of those dollars can be used for items other than actual exams.  Not sure if you have remaining dental benefits?  Give our office a call - we can tell you and also schedule that exam or treatment you have been putting off.  

Questions?  Need to schedule an appointment?  Give our friendly staff at call at 919 755 3450.  We look forward to seeing you in the office!  

Which Toothpaste Should I Use?

We know you've been there - staring at the aisle in the drug store at the different kinds of toothpaste, each promising to be the best at something — like "fighting cavities", "tartar control", "whitening", or "decreasing tooth sensitivity". With so many options on the shelves, you might be wondering which one is best for you? Let us help you choose. 

What is Toothpaste?

Toothpaste, officially known as dentifrice, helps to amp up your toothbrush’s cleaning abilities. The main ingredients of most toothpaste include:

• Abrasives—The most important thing toothpaste does is remove unwanted stuff off the surface of your teeth. Long ago, people used gritty materials like brick dust, charcoal, tree bark, and animal hooves to clean their teeth. Thanks to technology and modern science, we now have much gentler ingredients proven to be safe and effective.
• Detergent—An ingredient more often associated with dishes or laundry, detergent is what makes toothpaste foam. This helps move particles off your teeth that water alone cannot.
• Fluoride—This mineral strengthens tooth enamel and makes teeth more resistant to decay. Small children tend to swallow a lot of paste as they are learning to brush (and too much fluoride is not good to ingest), so there are many without fluoride to choose from. 
• Humectants—These substances keep the paste from drying out, which is very helpful since you take that cap on and off several times each day.
• Flavor—Toothpaste has flavors like peppermint, cinnamon, and bubblegum without any sugar or components that would cause tooth decay.

What to Look For In A Toothpaste

Fluoride is the most important ingredient in toothpaste and it’s a must even if your water has fluoride in it. It's a natural mineral that hardens the enamel and makes teeth more resistant to cavities. Fluoride is perfectly safe in small amounts and research has shown that it can dramatically decrease tooth decay. Any toothpaste with fluoride will do for most people as long as they’re brushing, flossing and visiting their dentist regularly, as well as eating a healthy diet.

If you don’t experience any particular type of dental issue and simply want healthier teeth overall, Raleigh dentist Dr. Jeff M. Morrison DDS suggests Crest Pro Health. “It’s the only toothpaste accepted by the American Dental Association in six categories,” he says. “It whitens, reduces sensitivity, and helps prevent cavities, gingivitis, plaque, and bad breath.” "Colgate Total is also a great all-around toothpaste for most patients. It contains both fluoride and triclosan to fight cavities and gingivitis, and also helps to fight bad breath."  

If you have a specific issue, like sensitive teeth, here are a few different types you may want to consider:

• Anti-cavity Toothpaste—Anti-cavity toothpaste usually contains fluoride at higher levels than regular toothpaste. This helps stop tooth decay and prevents it from worsening by protecting teeth from acids generated by harmful bacteria that live in your mouth. If you don’t have fluoride in your water, you may want to give an anti-cavity toothpaste a try or talk to Dr. Morrison about prescription toothpaste.
• Tartar Control Toothpaste —Tartar, sometimes called “calculus,” comes from bacterial plaque that has hardened and, if left on the teeth, can contribute to gum disease. No matter how much you brush, once the tartar has formed, only that little pick your dentist or hygienist wields can scrape it off. However, toothpastes containing tartar-fighting ingredients can prevent the plaque from hardening, making it easier to brush off. 
  
• Whitening Toothpaste — Most whitening toothpastes contain abrasive ingredients like magnesium carbonate or dehydrated silica gels that will remove surface stains. This could be a good choice if you have mild staining. Other whiteners that may be used in toothpaste include hydrogen peroxide, which claims to bleach teeth, and polyphosphates, said to keep highly pigmented food and drink from staining enamel. "However, the whitening ingredients in toothpaste aren’t concentrated enough or in contact with tooth surfaces long enough to be effective," says Dr. Morrison "and polyphosphates may cause canker sores and other mouth lesions, or tooth sensitivity." If you want to really whiten your teeth, you should schedule a professional whitening treatment. 
• Desensitizing Toothpaste —Tooth sensitivity occurs when the tooth’s enamel is damaged, exposing dentin, the next layer of the tooth. Different compounds in toothpaste for sensitive teeth are touted for their ability to relieve sensitivity. Used regularly, desensitizers can ease sensitivity, but we recommend scheduling an office visit first. “You need to know what’s causing your sensitivity,” says Dr. Morrison. "For example, untreated gumline cavities, excessive brushing, and aggressive flossing can all lead to sensitivity." If sensitivity lingers after dental treatment, Dr. Morrison might suggest a desensitizing toothpaste, or for persistent discomfort, an in-office treatment such as concentrated fluoride.
• Children’s Toothpaste — Children under age 12 should use children’s toothpaste — it’s specifically formulated for “baby teeth” and isn’t harmful if swallowed because it contains less fluoride than adult toothpaste. This toothpaste also comes in different flavors to make brushing more appealing for kids.
• Natural Toothpaste — Natural toothpaste, formulated without artificial ingredients and foaming agents like sodium lauryl sulfate, can be an excellent option but a lot of natural brands don’t use fluoride. This can be a benefit for babies and toddlers who tend to swallow toothpaste but if you’re trying to avoid cavities and you’re old enough to know how to spit when brushing, be sure fluoride is included. 

For all toothpaste sold in stores, look for seals of approval from The US Food and Drug Administration and the American Dental Association. The FDA tests toothpaste for safety and the ADA makes sure that toothpastes actually do what they claim to. The most important thing is that you buy toothpaste that you will encourage you to brush, because the mechanical action of brushing your teeth is much more crucial than the type of toothpaste you use, as long as your paste contains fluoride.

Brushing and flossing twice a day is critical in preventing tooth decay, and so is visiting your dentist twice a year. If you’re still not sure what toothpaste is best for you, schedule an appointment with us today — we’ll be happy to help you find the right fit!

Five Reasons A Night Guard May Be Right for You

Are you waking up with headaches or jaw pain due to teeth grinding? Are you worried about the long-term damage being done to your teeth every night? You may need a night guard. People wear a night guard for several different reasons, the most common is to protect their teeth from wearing down due to grinding or clenching, a condition called bruxism. Other reasons to wear a night guard include the reduction of jaw pain, to stop clicking and popping of the jaw, to stop lock jaw, or to perform TMJ Therapy. Whatever your reason for wearing a night guard, consistent use of it offers five key advantages.

1. Prevent Headache and Facial Pain

A properly designed night guard will have a well adjusted and balanced bite, which tends to "shutdown" the muscles you use for chewing and allows them a night time rest. Many patients report that their facial muscles are more relaxed when they wake up. Nightguards can make a tremendous difference in the lives of people with TMD (temporomandibular disorders) as they can reduce headaches, facial pain, neck and jaw pain associated with this disorder.

2. Improve Sleep Patterns

Night guards provide maximum comfort while minimizing your symptoms, which can end up drastically improving your sleep patterns. The night guard positions your jaw in such a way that facilitates muscle relaxation, and by keeping these muscles relaxed, you can avoid the stress-filled sleep that often accompanies TMD. 

3. Look Better and Save Money 

This is one of the more critical benefits of wearing a night guard. The nightly unconscious grinding and clenching of the teeth and jaw can lead to chipped teeth, damaged fillings, and excessive wear and tear of your teeth. Wearing a night guard can protect your smile. The tooth damage caused by nightly grinding and clenching of your teeth and jaw tends to be quite costly because it slowly but surely destroys your teeth over the years. When this happens, the restorative dental treatments required for both aesthetic and functional purposes are an expensive investment - likely more than getting an appliance to prevent this wear and tear. 

4. Prevent of Snoring and Sleep Apnea

One way to treat excessive snoring and sleep apnea is to use dental or oral devices. These appliances are useful in correcting mild to moderate cases of obstructive sleep apnea. The good news is that there are numerous options for these dental devices, and Dr. Morrison can recommend one for your particular needs. 

One device that we have had a lot of success with is a mandibular advancement device. This is one of the most widely used dental appliances for the treatment of sleep apnea. It resembles a sports mouth guard in appearance. This appliance gently forces the lower jaw down and slightly forward, offering tremendous help in keeping the airway open, thereby preventing problems in breathing.

5. Prevent Teeth from Drifting - Especially For Patients With Bone Loss

Although teeth appear stationary, they are not and nightly wearing of a night guard keeps the teeth in place and will not allow them to "drift" by functioning as a kind of orthodontic retainer. For those patients who have bone loss (which can happen with older patients who have lost much of the bone supporting certain teeth, or patients with periodontal disease), the night guard acts a splint and keeps teeth from developing excessive mobility which can accelerate tooth loss.

The benefits of wearing a night guard are too great to ignore. To discuss your own oral health and find out if a mouth guard is right for you, contact Jeff M. Morrison & Associates DDS today and schedule a consultation. We can be reached at 919 755 3450 or online .

Is Your "Sweet Tooth" Harming Your Oral Health?

Some people really are born with a "sweet tooth" (like my son, Jack - and he can show you exactly which tooth is his "sweet" one). I know kids are biologically programmed to prefer a higher level of sweetness than adults, but why do some adults never outgrow that preference? It's true that emotions such as stress, recollection of the sensory pleasure of eating your grandmothers apple pie, or environmental factors like poor sleep, can increase our desire for a sugar rush. But new research suggests some of us—much more than others—may also be genetically "wired" to crave sugar.

In one study, scientists scoured the genes of more than 6,500 Danish people and found those who had particular variants of a gene were roughly 20 percent more likely to enjoy and seek out sugary substances. Subjects who reported strong sugar preferences, and consumed more of it, were also more likely to drink alcohol and smoke on a daily basis. In another study, scientists identified a gene that influences dopamine function. Those are the same pathways linked to happiness as well as addiction. They found that some foods high in sugar act as a form of drug on these brain pathways. In still another study, people with specific genetic variations are born with a weaker sweet taste, meaning they may need more sugar than others to taste the same level of sweetness.

The Impact of Sugar on our Dental and Overall Health

Sugars in food and drinks play a major role in the development of tooth decay or "dental caries". Plaque, a sticky film that can start to form on our teeth as little as five minutes after it's removed, contains bacteria. The bacteria use the sugar we consume as energy, and release acid as a waste product. This acid is responsible for tooth decay because, if not removed, it slowly dissolves the enamel creating holes or cavities in the teeth.

Yet, tooth decay is not the only problem with excess sugar consumption. We all know it can cause weight gain that leads to obesity. Excess sugar also sets the stage for disease in other ways - by elevating cholesterol, deregulating the body’s insulin monitor, and compromising our vitamin and mineral intake. Studies show that young children who consume too much added sugar overall—even two sweetened beverages daily—are at higher risk of heart disease, diabetes, or both. One recent report from Vanderbilt University School of Medicine discovered that 3- to 11-year-olds who drink about 12 ounces of sugar-sweetened beverages daily have significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein, an indicator of harmful inflammation in their organs and tissues—compared with children who skipped these sugary drinks. The impact of excess sugar in our society is doing monumental damage to our oral and systemic health.

Are You Doomed To A Life of Cavities?

Even though a genetic variant may play some part in the development of your “sweet tooth” we don't believe you are doomed to a life of cavities or obesity. It just may be harder for you to make dietary changes. Here are a few we're working on at our house:

• Understanding food labels. It's hard to reduce sugar because it goes by so many different names. Here are a few: High Fructose Corn syrup, Coconut Palm Sugar, Maple Syrup, Evaporated Cane Juice, Honey, Brown Rice Syrup, Agave Syrup, Juice Concentrates, and Maltose/Dextrose. 
• Eliminating sugary drinks such as juice, soda, flavored milk and energy drinks. A glass of lemonade or tea can have 25 grams - or 6 teaspoons of sugar. Water is the best way to quench your thirst. 
• Counting sugar grams throughout the day to understand exactly how much sugar we (and our kids) are consuming. Significant amounts of sugar are "hidden" in many common products - ketchup, sauces, spreads, "healthy" breakfast cereals, even chicken broth. 
• Desert is for special occasions - no more than once a week - and then just a little. 

Eating too many sweets was often seen as a personal weakness - but that's no longer the case. If you have trouble making any dietary changes, talk to your doctor or a nutritionist for ideas, tips and a referral that may help you. And as always, brush at least twice a day, floss daily, and come in to see us at Jeff M. Morrison & Assoc., DDS for regularly scheduled dental hygiene appointments. Is it time for your check-up? Give us a call at 919 755 3450 or schedule online.

5 Stages of Tooth Decay

Did you know there are five distinct stages of tooth decay? And that in the first stage of decay, you can actually take steps to reverse the progression of decay?  Understanding how a cavity progresses can help you prevent each successive stage from occurring.

Stage One: White Spots

In stage one, the tooth begins to show signs of strain from the attack of sugars and acids, and white spots will begin to materialize just below the surface of the enamel. These white spots are can be easy to miss because they’re likely to occur on your molars. The dental exam Dr. Morrison performs at each check-up is designed to catch these early cavities. In this first stage of decay, whether you’re a child or an adult, the application of fluoride via fluoride treatments, your toothpaste and your local water supply can stop a cavity from penetrating through the enamel and reaching its second stage. Even the saliva in your mouth and the foods you eat help to re-mineralize a tooth in jeopardy.  At this stage, the cavity can be repaired without the need for a filling.

Stage Two: Enamel Decay

Stage two marks the beginning of the end for the surface enamel that is being attacked. Initially, the tooth erodes from the underside outward, so the outer enamel will still be intact for the first half of this second stage. Once the cavity breaks through the surface of the enamel, there is no turning back, and you or your child will need to have the cavity corrected with a filling.

Stage Three: Dentin Decay

If a cavity were to progress beyond stage two without you knowing, you’d probably become aware of it because it would start to cause some pain. At this level, the cavity begins to eat away at the second level of tooth material that lies beneath the enamel: the dentin. A filling can still be used to stop the onslaught of bacteria assaulting the tooth in order to prevent the cavity from reaching the tooth’s most critical component: the pulp. However, this filling will most likely be larger, more involved - and consequently more expensive - than taking care of the cavity at stage two.

Stage Four: Involvement of The Pulp

Once the cavity reaches the pulp, it’s going to hurt. A lot. So if you’ve unfortunately missed all the signs to this point, a screaming child or moaning teenager will certainly let you know there is a big problem. Stage four is serious, and a root canal is the only option of treatment at this stage, save for a complete extraction.

Stage Five: Tooth Abscess 

In the fifth and final stage of a cavity, the infection has reached the tip of the root and begun to infect the surrounding tissues and possibly the bone structure. Swelling would be commonplace and pain severe. In children (as well as adults) an abscess can actually be fatal if not dealt with immediately. A root canal or extraction would be the order of the day should decay reach this stage.

Cavities don’t happen overnight. They tend to form faster for young children, sometimes in just a few months, because their teeth have weaker enamel than for adults. It can take up to a year for the cavity to form in adults. Just remember, in the early stages, regular visits can stall and even reverse their progression, so coming in for regular cleaning and exams is a great idea. I've seen early treatment reverse cavities in many, many patients. And, if we told you that you have a cavity at a recent visit, please don't delay treatment, even if it doesn't hurt. If left untreated your cavity will only get worse. Possibly much worse.

Give us a call today to schedule your routine dental exam and cleaning so we can assure you that your teeth, or your kids' teeth, are healthy and cavity-free. You can reach our friendly staff at 919. 755. 3450, or go online to schedule your dental visit.

Don't Brush Where You Flush

We all know a simple toothbrush, used effectively, is central to your oral health. But before you put it in your mouth, consider this: the average toothbrush can contain 10 million bacteria or more—including E. coli and Staph, according to a study at the University of Manchester in England. Yuck.

Where do these bacteria come from? First of all, your mouth. About 100 to 200 species may live in your mouth at any given time. People who practice good oral hygiene may have 1,000 to 100,000 bacteria living on each tooth surface, while less clean mouths can have between 100 million and 1 billion bacteria on each tooth.

Your toothbrush is also a bacteria magnet. If you store your toothbrush on or next to the bathroom sink, it gets contaminated from splashing when you wash your hands — and whatever you are washing off your hands may be splashed onto the brush, as well.

Even more disturbing is what happens when you flush with the toilet lid open. Charles Gerba, Ph.D., Professor, Microbiology & Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona College of Public Health, points out that bacteria and viruses falling from spray generated when you flush the toilet “remain airborne long enough to settle on surfaces throughout the bathroom.”  An English study found that diarrhea-causing bacteria from a lidless flush flew as high as 10 inches above the toilet.  Another study demonstrated that three different types of toilets, when flushed with the cover open "aerosolized" their bio-contents. The fecal matter was found on everything within a 5- to 6-foot radius.

Needless to say, if your toothbrush is sitting on the bathroom counter, it will probably be within that range.

Still need convincing? Another study compared the bacteria on toothbrushes from two groups: people who had bathrooms with attached toilets, and those with bathrooms without attached toilets. The toothbrushes were analyzed at one month and then again at three months. In each group, the toothbrushes contained an array of microorganisms commonly found in the mouth, such as streptococcus mutans, candida, pseudomonas, and lactobacilli microorganisms. However, samples from bathrooms with an attached toilet also included E. coli, a bacteria associated with gastrointestinal disease.

Tips on Keeping Your Toothbrush Clean

Now that you are sufficiently revolted, are you ready to start treating your brush a little better? Here’s what to do to keep your toothbrush as bacteria-free as possible.

Replace your toothbrush 

The ADA recommends replacing your toothbrush every three to four months, or more often if bristles become frayed, if you are sick, or if you have a weakened immune system. For an electric toothbrush, replace the head as frequently as you would a regular disposable brush.

Toothbrush storage

Keep your toothbrush in a medicine cabinet. Don’t store it in an airtight container, which encourages bacteria growth. Instead, allow your brush to dry out between cleanings. And If you store toothbrushes together, make sure the heads don’t touch.

Don’t share toothbrushes 

No matter how conscientious you are about cleaning, you will never remove all bacteria. Give family members different colored brushes - especially your children - to prevent them from getting mixed up. If you want to be really safe, have different tubes of toothpaste for family members. 

Clean your bristles

Occasionally soak toothbrush in hydrogen peroxide or mouthwashes with antibacterial agents, especially if you’ve dropped it on the floor, and rinse your toothbrush in tap water thoroughly after brushing.

Get rid of the toothbrush holder

A study by the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) found that toothbrush holders are the third-most "germy" household items (behind dish sponges and kitchen sinks). If you really want to use one, remember to clean your toothbrush holder regularly.  

Close the lid when you flush

Always flush your toilet with the lid down 

Do you have any comments? Questions? Feel free to leave them below. Do you know someone who may benefit from this information? We encourage you to share this article. Is it time for you to schedule a cleaning or dental exam?  Give our friendly staff a call at 919.755.3450 or go online to schedule an appointment.  We look forward to seeing you! Thank you. 

Chew Gum - Save Money?

According to a new study published in the American Journal of Dentistry, if current consumers of sugar-free chewing gum increase their consumption by just one piece per day, $4.1 billion could be saved worldwide on dental expenditures from treating tooth decay each year, according to the Institute of Empirical Health Economics (IEHE). These savings would include $2.07 billion in the United States, $1.1 billion in Europe, and $149 million in China.

Chewing Gum Increases Saliva Flow

Chewing increases salivary flow, which helps remove leftover food debris while neutralizing and washing away the acids that are produced when food is broken down by the bacteria in plaque on teeth. This acid can break down tooth enamel, creating conditions for decay. Also, the increased saliva provides more calcium and phosphate to help strengthen the enamel.

ADA Recommendations for Chewing Gum

The American Dental Association, (ADA), recommends chewing sugarless gum for 20 minutes after meals, since it's been proven to reduce plaque, promote tooth enamel, reduce cavities, and reduce gingivitis. Just make sure your gum is sugarless, as sugar-containing gums can actually add to acid build-up. Look for gums with xylitol too, which can reduce decay-causing bacteria. Finally, be mindful of sorbitol, which can cause GI discomfort if ingested in extremely large doses.

“In addition to the well-established clinical benefits, for the first time, this study models the reduction in the relative risk of tooth decay and subsequent cost savings for dental care as a result of increased consumption of sugar-free gum as part of a complete oral hygiene routine,” said Michael Dodds, BDS, PhD, lead oral health scientist with Wrigley, which funded the study and produces a range of sugar-free gum brands.

While sugarless gum should not replace brushing and flossing with a fluoride toothpaste twice a day, flossing once a day, and a dental cleaning and exam every six months, the ADA reports, it can be an effective adjunct to oral care.  

Did you find this article interesting?  Please leave a comment and also let us know about any other dental topics you may be interested in. 

The study, “A Global Approach to Assess the Economic Benefits of Increased Consumption of Sugar-Free Chewing Gum,” was published by the American Journal of Dentistry.

The Importance of a Smile

Just smile. Really. Try it. A simple smile can be the most powerful tool at our disposal… and we all have one. Most of all, a smile can make all the difference in the world. One smile has the power to release stress, calm you down, make you attractive, make someone else happy and believe it or not, smiling can actually cause your own happiness.

So, in honor of National Smile Month, I would like to share my top five reasons for encouraging you to smile today.

Smiling Releases Stress

Smiling reduces stress that your body and mind feel, almost similar to getting good sleep, How does this happen? Smiling decreases the stress-induced hormones that negatively affect your physical and mental health. Scientists have also demonstrated that holding a smile on one's face during periods of stress may help the heart. This lends support to the old adage "grin and bear it", suggesting it may also make us feel better.

Smiling Makes You More Attractive

“A smile is the prettiest thing you can wear” – Unknown. This is true! Scientists have shown that happy, smiling faces influence the emotional well-being of the observer, which in turn makes us more attractive. A smile may also signal better health (and indeed, positive emotions have been found to improve cardiovascular function) and the perception of good health has been associated with attractiveness in a number of studies.

Smiling Can Improve Your Social Network

Ever wondered why people forget who you are, even when you think you’ve made the right sort of impression? Or why you can remember a certain business contact’s face more readily than others? Well, according to new research the reason for this is simple. Researchers say it has to do with your smile. A smiling face is much more memorable than a neutral or fearful one. So if you really want to make a great impression, put on a happy face.

Smiling Can Influence Your Happiness

Many of us smile because we’re happy and it conveys the emotion of joy to others. But this is not always the case. Sometimes we can be happy because we smile.

For a long time, scientists have linked emotions with smiling.  It’s called ‘facial feedback hypothesis’. Our brains react to what our body is doing and it can affect our emotions. If we put on a smile, whether we’re genuinely happy or not, our brains will interpret it as happiness and our mood will change accordingly. This means just the simple act smiling can lead you to feel actual happiness or joy — and being happier helps you keep the smile going in a genuine way. Your fake smile is now a real one!

Smiling Can Make Others Happy

Smiling helps to generate more positive emotions in the people around you. That’s why we often feel happier around children – they smile more. On average, children smile 400 times a day while average "happy" adult smiles 40-50 times a day. It’s important to remember that smiling, even we we are not necessarily happy, will make it more likely that  the people around us will smile, and that can improve our mood as well.

There's just one trick to making smiling work for you: You need to do it right. A true, genuine smile is called a Duchenne smile. It uses all the muscles in the face, including the "laugh lines" around your eyes. Engaging all these muscles is important, even in a fake smile.

If you're smiling on purpose to help your mood or the mood of other people, or to make a great impression, you want to smile until your cheeks lift and you feel your laugh lines crinkle. You can see how it feels by holding a pencil horizontally between your teeth as you smile.

So there we go. A smile might seem like a simple act that we often take for granted. But it can really can make you feel better, and make others respond more positively to you. We can use a smile to show our positive feelings or mask our more negative ones. A smile really is one of our greatest gifts!

Do you want to improve your smile?  Give us a call at 919.755.3450.  We offer complimentary cosmetic dentistry consultations.  Thank you.

Travelling Abroad? Tips For Emergency Dental Care

What do you do if you wake up with a toothache while hiking in Patagonia? Or your child knocks out a tooth during a family vacation in Mexico? 

Finding good emergency dental care abroad can be challenging. Dentists in the United States have been educated in accredited schools, taken national and state boards prior to receiving a license to practice, and are held to high standards of care which include infection control guidelines for disease prevention. You can't always count on that when travelling abroad.

Here are some ways to avoid potential problems, or ensure the best possible outcome, should an emergency occur while you are on vacation.

Schedule a checkup before your trip

Mention any dental concerns you have so Dr. Morrison can diagnose potential issues and complete treatment before you leave.

Complete any treatment

Finish treatment on any outstanding dental work before you leave. Schedule the root canal you have been putting off or address that cracked tooth you have been “living with" well ahead of time so that adjustments, if needed, can be made prior to your trip.

Insurance information

Take your dental and medical insurance policy numbers. Make a contact entry on your phone or write it on a piece of paper and tuck it someplace safe. You will appreciate having this information handy if you do encounter a dental emergency on vacation.

Maintain good oral hygiene

Maintain a great oral hygiene routine before you travel to keep your mouth in a healthy, non-emergency state.

Take a mouth guard

Are you going to be participating in any sports or adventurous activities while away? Consider having an athletic mouth guard made to provide extra protection for your mouth and jaw. Also, vacations are not always relaxing - so if you tend to clench your jaw or grind your teeth when under stress, consider a night guard.

Travel insurance policy with dental coverage 

Consider a travel insurance policy that includes dental coverage. If you have a travel insurance or assistance policy, the company’s 24-hour hotline can refer you to qualified dental care when you’re away from home, as well as provide translation help, if needed.

Taking precautionary measures like these can help avoid some dental emergencies on vacation, but they can’t prevent them all. If you do have a dental emergency, the important thing is to act fast to preserve the tooth and alleviate discomfort. Read Dr. Morrison's blog on what to do if you experience a dental emergency for an overview of common dental emergencies and what to do right away.

Finding good dental care when travelling

Once you've handled the immediate concern, you'll need to find a qualified dentist who can help you. Here are some resources to check:

The American Dental Society of Europe

These dentists are members of the society who live and work in Europe but studied in the U.S. or Canada.

International Association Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT)

IAMAT is a network of doctors and medical institutions around the world that can help you find an English speaking doctor. You will need to be a member, but it could be worth it to get you in touch with a dentist or medical professional that can help you when you are traveling abroad. To learn more go to www.iamat.org.

Board Certified Asia Dental Association

While many sites for finding a dentist abroad are targeting those that would participate in dental tourism, they can also be handy for finding a dentist in the part of the world in which you find yourself.

Other Suggestions

Your hotel concierge or trip guide may be able to recommend a quality dentist in the area; the American Consulate or Embassy; Americans, or American military personnel living in the area.

What to remember at your dental appointment abroad

Finally, here are some things to think about as you are going into your appointment:

Licensing requirements and safety regulations

Some countries will have exceptional dental care and safety regulations they follow like the U.S. does, however, there are many places you can travel to that won’t have this. Make sure you know who you are seeing and what they are going to be doing to you. Verify that the dentist has a license and can practice as a dentist. You’ll want to be sure that the dental care you get is of the highest standards and that they use the proper tools as well as standard safety measures such as new gloves for each patient and sterilizers for instruments.

Verify the cost

Avoid surprises by verifying the cost, in writing, before you start treatment. Also, make sure your quote is in US currency.

Language barrier

Language can be a barrier to treatment. If you do not understand what the dentist or dental staff are saying to you, and the dentist and employees do not understand what you are saying to them, this is not the place for you to have dental care performed.

Dental emergencies on vacation happen all the time. Be sure to prepare before your trip, act fast if you have a problem, and use the resources available to you to find a qualified dental professional that can treat you to facilitate the best possible outcome—for your tooth and your vacation.

Was this article helpful? Leave a comment and also forward it to someone you know who may be travelling abroad. Have a great trip!